Vol. 11 No. Special Issue (2023)

The Maldives National Journal of Research

A double-blind refereed journal of the Maldives National University
(c) The Maldives National Journal of Research (Print version: ISSN 2308-5959).

FOUNDING EDITOR
Dr. Hassan Hameed, MNU

EDITORS-IN-CHIEF
Dr. Mohamed Shareef, MNU 
Dr. Aishath Shehenaz Adam, MNU
Dr. Raheema Abdul Raheem, MNU

EDITORS
Dr. Aminath Riyaz, MNU 
Dr. Mariyam Shahuneeza Naseer, MNU

MNJR EDITORIAL BOARD MEMBERS
Dr. Aminath Shafiya Adam, MNU
Dr. Barbara Adams, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, USA 
Ms. Ashia Leela Ahmed, MNU
Professor Wilfredo V Alangui, University of the Philippines, Philippines
Professor Maria Cecillia Fantinato, Fluminense Federal University, Brazil 
Dr. Shazla Mohamed, MNU
Dr. Fazeel Najeeb, MNU
Dr. Abdulla Nazeer, MNU
Dr. Yoosuf Nizam, MNU
Associate Professor Sandra Trotman, Nova South Eastern University, Florida, USA 

REVIEWERS OF THIS ISSUE
Dr. Dr. Aly Shameem, Senior Lecturer, MNU
Dr. Ahmed Inaz, Assistant Professor, MNU
Dr. Sarah Abdelaziz Abdelmonem Mohamed Elgezary, Assistant Professor
Dr. Sheena Moosa 
Dr. Shazla Mohamed, Senior Research Fellow, MNU  
Ms. Rifaath Hassan, Research Associate, MNU
Dr. Aishath Naila
Dr. Ahmed Mohamed
Dr. Ibrahim Shiyam, CEO, Maldives Technology Academy 
Dr. Muaviyath Mohamed
Mr. Ashraf Ali
Ms. Shiuna Ahmed, Lecturer, MNU
Ms. Zeenath Shakir, Lecturer, MNU
Ms. Hawwa Leesha

TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE
Ms. Aminath Habiyya, Senior Administrative Officer, MNU

Research Development Office
The Maldives National University
Radhdhebai Hin’gun, Machchangolhi,
Male’, Maldives. 
Fax: +(960) 3344091, Phone: +(960) 3345405
Email: mnjr@mnu.edu.mv